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Table 1 Demographic information and clinical test scores for ASD and non-ASD subjects

From: Atypical functional connectivity of temporal cortex with precuneus and visual regions may be an early-age signature of ASD

Characteristics at fMRI scan or outcome

ASD (N = 51)

Mean(SD)

Non-ASD (N =35)

Mean(SD)

p value

Cohen’s d

Demographics

 

Sample size (M/F)

41/10

21/14

0.068a

—

Age at fMRI scan, months

28.55 (9.2)

25.89 (8.51)

0.172

0.3

Age at clinical tests, months

27.51 (8.62)

26.34 (8.21)

0.64

0.14

Eye tracking

Sample size (M/F)

25/7

21/12

0.31a

 

Age at eye tracking, months

22.38 (7.59)

19.29 (5.76)

0.07

0.46

ADOS (module T, 1, or 2) score

ADOS SA

13.88 (3.62)

2.97 (1.64)

 < 0.001

3.66

ADOS RRB

5.55 (1.93)

1.54 (1.5)

 < 0.001

2.26

ADOS Total

19.43(4.77)

4.51 (2.19)

 < 0.001

3.79

Mullen T score

Visual reception

36.55 (13.53)

53.91 (11.86)

 < 0.001

1.35

Fine motor

38.16 (12.67)

49.86 (8.27)

 < 0.001

1.1

Receptive language

30.35 (14.59)

46.66 (11.75)

 < 0.001

1.21

Expressive language

30.18 (16.55)

43.11 (12.48)

 < 0.001

0.86

Early learning composite

71.78 (20.37)

97.09 (16.6)

 < 0.001

1.34

Mullen age equivalent adjusted language score*

Receptive language

59.92 (30.86)

96.12 (21.13)

 < 0.001

1.32

Expressive language

62.01 (28.72)

87.13 (22.95)

 < 0.001

-0.95

Vineland standard score

Communication

81.55 (16.8)

96.26 (10.67)

 < 0.001

1.01

Daily living skills

86.41 (11.81)

96.29 (10.83)

 < 0.001

0.87

Socialization

82.86 (12.14)

96.6 (9.82)

 < 0.001

1.22

Motor skills

91.58 (10.33)

98.41 (9.53)

0.003

0.68

Adaptive behavior composite

81.88 (11.33)

94.94 (9.72)

 < 0.001

1.22

  1. ASD Autism spectrum disorder, ADOS Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, SA Social affect, RRB Restricted and repetitive behavior
  2. a Pearson’s chi-squared test (otherwise, the p values are from Welch’s t tests)
  3. * Mullen age equivalent adjusted language score was calculated: (age equivalent scores/age in months)*100%