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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants (means and standard deviations, in addition to minimum and maximum values)

From: Sex differences in the first impressions made by girls and boys with autism

 

ASD (N= 40)

TD (N= 53)

Effects

Sex ratio

15f, 25m (62.5% Male)

25f, 28m (53% male)

χ2 = .52, p = .47

Race

Black/African American 5% (n = 2)

White/Caucasian 85% (n = 34)

Asian or Pacific Islander 2.5% (n = 1)

Multiracial 5% (n = 2)

Other 2.5% (n = 1)

Black/African American 22.6% (n = 12)

White/Caucasian 60.4% (n = 32)

Asian or Pacific Islander 3.7% (n = 2)

Multiracial 13.2% (n = 7)

Other 0% (n = 0)

χ2 = 9.68, p = .05

Maternal education

High school or less 7.5% (n = 3)

Bachelor’s or less 40% (n = 16)

Graduate degree 50% (n = 20)

Not reported 2.5% (n = 1)

High school or less 5.7% (n = 3)

Bachelor’s or less 53% (n = 28)

Graduate degree 42% (n = 22)

Not reported 0% (n = 0)

χ2 = 1.27, p = .53

 

Female

Male

Female

Male

Sex

Dx

Sex in ASD

Age (years)

10.89 (2.30)

7.5–16.3

12.07 (3.27)

7.2–17.9

10.23 (2.70)

6.4–15.5

9.44 (1.89)

6.9–14.1

p = .99

d = .01

p = .002

d = − .69

p = .23

d = .40

Full-scale IQ

107.9 (11.23)

79–124

106.40 (13.68)

78–131

108.12 (12.46)

86–131

110.96 (12.43)

86–133

p = .70

d = .08

p = .30

d = .22

p = .72

d = − .12

Verbal IQ

105.80 (10.29)

85–122

106.20 (13.33)

83–130

109.04 (12.82)

80–128

109.21 (13.77)

86–131

p = .92

d = .02

p = .25

d = .24

p = .92

d = .03

Non-verbal IQ

107.80 (14.98)

80–130

105.32 (13.63)

78–130

104.76 (13.03)

81–129

108.54 (12.46)

82–130

p = .68

d = .09

p = .83

d = .05

p = .59

d = − .18

ADOS-2 CSS Total

6.60 (2.29)

3–10

7.00 (1.80)

2–10

1.08 (0.28)

1–2

1.32 (0.48)

1–2

p = .28

d = .10

p < .001

d = − 4.21

p = .54

d = .20

ADOS-2 SA CSS

6.53 (2.20)

3–10

7.36 (1.66)

3–10

1.44 (0.77)

1–3

1.75 (0.84)

1–3

p = .07

d = .17

p < .001

d = − 3.89

p = .19

d = .44

ADOS-2 RRB CSS

7.27 (1.75)

5–10

6.44 (2.14)

1–10

1.32 (1.11)

1–5

1.86 (1.92)

1–7

p = .94

d = -.01

p < .001

d = − 2.87

p = .22

d = − .41

SCQ Total

17.79 (7.39)

6–31

17.56 (7.88)

4–33

2.00 (2.24)

0–8

2.50 (3.05)

0–14

p = .86

d = .02

p < .001

d = − 2.87

p = .93

d = − .03

  1. SCQ scores were missing for 1 ASD female. ADOS-2 CSS calibrated severity score, SA CSS Social affect calibrated severity score, RRB CSS Repetitive behaviors/restricted interests calibrated severity score. Chi-squared tests with Yates’ continuity correction tested for diagnostic group differences in sex ratio and maternal educational attainment. P values and Cohen’s d values for main effects of sex and diagnosis are shown, as well as p and Cohen’s d values of sex differences in the ASD group only
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Molecular Autism

ISSN: 2040-2392