Skip to main content

Table 1 Summary of the meta-analyses performed on fetal antidepressant exposure during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorders

From: Association between maternal antidepressant use during pregnancy and autism spectrum disorder: an updated meta-analysis

   

Overall effect

Heterogeneity

 

Medication

No. of studies

OR/HR (95% CI)

Z

P value

I2 (%)

P

Tau

Cohort studies

 Pregnancy

Any antidepressant

7

1.13 (0.93–1.39)

1.22

0.224

61.4

0.016

0.0437

 

Any SSRI

3

1.22 (0.83–1.79)

0.99

0.320

64.7

0.059

0.0749

 First trimester

Any antidepressant

5

1.01 (0.82–1.24)

0.06

0.953

31.9

0.209

0.0174

 

Any SSRI

3

1.04 (0.81–1.34)

0.32

0.747

42.7

0.155

0.027

 Second and/or third trimester

Any antidepressant

4

1.35 (0.96–1.90)

1.75

0.080

46.4

0.133

0.0552

 

Any SSRI

3

1.43 (0.84–2.42)

1.32

0.187

71.6

0.030

0.1549

 Prepregnancy

Any antidepressant

2

1.26 (0.91–1.74)

1.40

0.160

67.1

0.081

0.0365

 

Any SSRI

1

1.46 (1.17–1.81)

     

Case-control studies

 Pregnancy

Any antidepressant

6

1.51 (1.15–1.99)

3.00

0.003

44.6

0.108

0.0478

 

Any SSRI

4

1.81 (1.46–2.23)

5.50

< 0.001

0.0

0.908

< 0.0001

 First trimester

Any antidepressant

5

1.69 (1.17–2.44)

2.81

0.005

46.3

0.114

0.0756

 

Any SSRI

2

2.08 (1.54–2.81)

4.78

< 0.001

7.2

0.340

0.0098

 Second trimester

Any antidepressant

5

1.62 (1.22–2.16)

3.31

0.001

8.6

0.358

0.0107

 

Any SSRI

3

1.94 (1.41–2.68)

4.04

< 0.001

0.0

0.413

< 0.0001

 Third trimester

Any antidepressant

5

1.47 (0.88–2.44)

1.48

0.140

60.0

0.040

0.1843

 

Any SSRI

3

2.32 (1.63–3.30)

4.68

< 0.001

0.0

0.515

< 0.0001

 Prepregnancy

Any antidepressant

4

1.70 (1.43–2.02)

6.04

< 0.001

0.0

0.897

< 0.0001

 

Any SSRI

2

1.81 (1.43–2.29)

4.92

< 0.001

0.0

0.896

< 0.0001