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Table 2 Logistic regression analyses children’s 2D:4D ratios stratified by gender: comparison of children scoring high and low on emotion recognition (DANVA)

From: Social communication and emotion difficulties and second to fourth digit ratio in a large community-based sample

 

Minimally adjusted model OR (95 % CI)a

Fully adjusted model OR (95 % CI)b

 

2D:4D right

2D:4D left

2D:4D right

2D:4D left

Female

  

 Happy faces (≥1 error)

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

1.00 (0.96, 1.03)

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

1.00 (0.96, 1.03)

 Sad faces (≥2 errors)

0.99 (0.95, 1.02)

1.03 (0.98, 1.07)

0.99 (0.95, 1.02)

1.03 (0.99, 1.07)

 Angry faces (≥4 errors)

1.00 (0.96, 1.05)

1.00 (0.96, 1.05)

1.00 (0.96,01.04)

1.01 (0.96, 1.05)

 Fearful faces (≥3 errors)

0.98 (0.94, 1.01)

0.97 (0.94, 1.01)

0.98 (0.94, 1.01)

0.97 (0.94, 1.01)

 All low intensity faces (≥5 errors)

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

1.01 (0.97, 1.04)

1.01 (0.98, 1.05)

1.01 (0.97, 1.05)

 All high intensity faces (≥3 errors)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

0.99 (0.95, 1.03)

1.00 (0.96, 1.04)

0.99 (0.95, 1.03)

 Misattributed as Happy (≥4)

0.96 (0.92, 1.01)

0.99 (0.94, 1.03)

0.96 (0.92, 1.01)

1.00 (0.95, 1.03)

 Misattributed as sad (≥3)

1.01 (0.96, 1.05)

0.97 (0.93, 1.02)

1.01 (0.96, 1.05)

0.97 (0.93, 1.02)

 Misattributed as Angry (≥2)

1.01 (0.96, 1.06)

1.02 (0.97, 1.06)

1.01 (0.96, 1.05)

1.02 (0.97, 1.06)

 Misattributed as fearful (≥2)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

0.99 (0.96, 1.03)

1.00 (0.96, 1.04)

0.99 (0.96, 1.03)

Male

    

 Happy faces (≥1 error)

1.01 (0.97, 1.04)

0.99 (0.97, 1.00)

1.01 (0.99, 1.02)

0.99 (0.97, 1.00)

 Sad faces (≥2 errors)

1.02 (0.98, 1.06)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

 Angry faces (≥4 errors)

1.02 (0.99, 1.06)

1.03 (0.99, 1.07)

1.03 (0.99, 1.07)

1.03 (0.99, 1.07)

 Fearful faces (≥3 errors)

1.02 (0.99, 1.07)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

1.02 (0.99, 1.05)

1.02 (0.99, 1.04)

 All low intensity faces (≥5 errors)

1.05 (1.01, 1.09)ns

1.02 (0.99, 1.06)

1.05 (1.01, 1.09)ns

1.02 (0.99, 1.06)

 All high intensity faces (≥3 errors)

1.01 (0.97, 1.05)

1.00 (0.97, 1.03)

1.01 (0.99, 1.03)

1.00 (0.97, 1.03)

 Misattributed as Happy (≥4)

1.01 (0.97, 1.06)

1.01 (0.70, 1.05)

1.01 (0.97, 1.06)

1.01 (0.70, 1.05)

 Misattributed as sad (≥ three)

1.01 (0.97, 1.05)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

1.01 (0.99, 1.03)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

 Misattributed as angry (≥2)

1.02 (0.97, 1.07)

1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

1.02 (0.97, 1.07)

1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

 Misattributed as fearful (≥2)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

1.00 (0.98, 1.01)

1.00 (0.97, 1.04)

1.00 (0.98, 1.01)

  1. Higher scores in DANVA means more mistakes are made when identifying emotions/more misattributions
  2. ns not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni-Holm method
  3. aMinimally adjusted model: adjusted for child age and tester
  4. bFully adjusted model: adjusted for child age, tester, maternal education, ethnic background and parity; higher scores on SCDC represent more social communication problems