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Table 1 10 α 1 subunit calcium channel genes tested for association with ASD

From: Support for calcium channel gene defects in autism spectrum disorders

Gene symbol (Chrom band)

Channel

Current typea

Most dominant brain expressed regiona

Cells and tissues with gene expression in addition to brain

Ca v 1 subfamily

CACNA1S (1q32)

Cav1.1

L

MD

Skeletal muscle; transverse tubules

CACNA1C (12p13.3)

Cav1.2

L

MD

Cardiac myocytes; smooth muscle myocytes; endocrine cells; neurons

CACNA1D (3p14.3)

Cav1.3

L

NCX

Endocrine cells; neurons; cardiac cells and pacemaker cells; cochlear hair cells

CACNA1F (Xp11.23)

CaV1.4

L

Amygdala

Retina; spinal cord; adrenal gland; mast cells

Ca v 2 subfamily

CACNA1A (19p13)

Cav2.1

P/Q

CBC

Neurons

CACNA1B (9q34)

Cav2.2

N

MD

Neurons

CACNA1E (1q25-q31)

Cav2.3

R

Striatum

Neurons

Ca v 3 subfamily

CACNA1G (17q21)

Cav3.1

T

MD

Neurons; smooth muscle myocytes

CACNA1H (16p13.3)

Cav3.2

T

Striatum

Neurons; cardiac and smooth muscle myocytes

CACNA1I (22q13.1)

Cav3.3

T

NCX

Neurons

  1. aCurrent types were defined based on different properties in biophysical and pharmacological analysis.
  2. CBC Cerebellar cortex; L Long lasting; MD Mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus; N Neither long nor transient lasting; NCX, Areas of neocortex; P, Cerebellar Purkinje cell; Q Indicating different toxic sensitivity and inactivation rate from the P-type in α1A subunit [11]; R Resistent; T Transient lasting.