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Table 2 Parameter estimates and P values from full-information maximum-likelihood mixed-effects regression analyses

From: Intranasal oxytocin versus placebo in the treatment of adults with autism spectrum disorders: a randomized controlled trial

 

B

6-week B

p value

Mean (standard deviation)

d value

Week 0

Week 6

Social cognition

Primary

DANVA – face

2.33

13.98

0.381

  

0.33

 Oxytocin

   

32.6 (8.8)

33.5 (6.4)

 

 Placebo

   

39.1 (8.4)

37.4 (7.4)

 

DANVA – paralanguage

1.96

11.76

0.351

  

0.38

 Oxytocin

   

27.8 (5.7)

30.5 (2.7)

 

 Placebo

   

34.1 (3.0)

35.2 (4.7)

 

Secondary

RMET

–

22%

0.004

  

1.2

 Oxytocin

  

0.002*

48% (20%)

61% (24%)

 

 Placebo

   

74% (14%)

63% (12%)

 

Social function

Primary

CGI – improvement – social

  

0.582

  

OR = 3.4

 Oxytocin

    

30% improved

 

 Placebo

    

11% improved

 

Secondary

SRS

0.58

3.48

0.664

  

0.34

 Oxytocin

   

92.3 (29.9)

111.4 (13.5)

 

 Placebo

   

84.5 (23.3)

96.5 (13.0)

 

Repetitive behaviors

Primary

RBS-R higher order

–

4.57

0.301

  

−0.22

 Oxytocin

   

17.0 (10.6)

17.7 (16.2)

 

 Placebo

   

20.0 (10.8)

17.8 (13.3)

 

RBS-R lower order

–

−2.25

0.045

  

0.64

 Oxytocin

  

0.065*

5.8 (4.6)

2.4 (2.3)

 

 Placebo

   

4.9 (3.7)

3.7 (2.6)

 

Secondary

YBOCS

0.16

0.96

0.220

  

0.13

 Oxytocin

   

12.0 (3.9)

9.4 (2.9)

 

 Placebo

   

10.3 (2.5)

8.1 (2.5)

 

Quality of life

WOQOL – emotional

–

9.5%

0.034

  

0.84

 Oxytocin

  

0.031*

47.8% (16.3%)

59.5% (16.0%)

 

 Placebo

   

65.2% (12.3%)

63.2% (12.3%)

 
  1. Means, standard deviations and standardized effect sizes are based on the observed data. B, parameter estimate for the group × treatment interaction showing the additional increase (or decrease) in the units of the measure for the oxytocin group per week; 6-week B, parameter estimate for the interaction multiplied by 6 to reflect the total differential change of the oxytocin group compared with the placebo group across the 6 weeks of the trial; d, Cohen’s d calculated from observed scores; pooled standard deviation was used (ClinTools software). For the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET), Repetitive Behavior Scale – Revised (RBS-R) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WOQOL) the measures were obtained pre and post, thus the parameter estimate reflects only the 6-week (pre–post) change. CGI, Clinical Global Impression; DANVA, Diagnostic Analysis of Nonverbal Accuracy; OR, odds ratio; SRS, Social Responsiveness Scale WHOQOL; YBOCS, Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. *p values when baseline scores are included as a covariate. Significant results are in bold.